Ingot is an important metal material with various unique physical and chemical properties, making it widely used in multiple fields. Hafnium has an atomic number of 72 and an atomic weight of 178.49. It belongs to the transition metal category and has a shiny silver gray appearance.

Hafnium has a relatively low content in the Earth's crust and is often associated with zirconium in nature. The smelting process of hafnium is similar to that of zirconium, usually including steps such as ore decomposition, reduction, and refining.